{"id":3180,"date":"2012-06-11T14:40:20","date_gmt":"2012-06-11T17:40:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.schwartzman.org.br\/sitesimon\/?p=3180"},"modified":"2012-06-11T14:42:32","modified_gmt":"2012-06-11T17:42:32","slug":"daniel-c-levy-seu-triste-texto-daniel-c-levy-your-sad-blog","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.schwartzman.org.br\/sitesimon\/daniel-c-levy-seu-triste-texto-daniel-c-levy-your-sad-blog\/","title":{"rendered":"Daniel C. Levy: Seu triste texto | Daniel C. Levy: Your sad blog"},"content":{"rendered":"

Daniel C. Levy, distinguished professor of education administration and policy studies at the State University of New York at Albany sends me the posting below:<\/em><\/p>\n

Your sad blog<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sometimes, Simon, I fear you\u2019re at your best when the system is at its worst. The critique, delivered soberly, is blistering.
\n\u2022 I may be a little unclear on the implied periodization. There\u2019s the contextual distinction between Brazil\u2019s and Latin America\u2019s public (national) sector but then the Renato de Souza proposals show that in reality the distinction wasn\u2019t as sharp as we might\u2019ve hoped (for Brazil\u2019s sake). While I\u2019d always figured that the contrast was valid and indeed fundamental, I\u2019d also figured that the large expansion of the federal system in absolute terms and particularly in poorer states with fewer well prepared students and faculty greatly limited the contrast. I\u2019m struck also by the strong association of the private sector with access for the poorer students; of course that\u2019s largely true in the Brazilian\/Asian trajectory as opposed to the Spanish American, but I\u2019d thought that the expansion of the federal sector meant there was also considerable SES overlap.
\n\u2022 Probably I\u2019d also underestimated the breadth of the Renato failure or of the Lula looseness. Lula\u2019s Prouni seemed sensible. Though I was aware of the social quotas, I hadn\u2019t realized the federal system was commanded to nearly double its size (of course upon a weak human resource & financial resource base) or the extent of CEFET academic drift (really too weak a term for such political processes)with reward parity with universities. A system that only maintains per student expenditure while doubling its intake, which means reaching less privileged students, invites grave problems in performance and academic and social legitimacy. I guess proponents believe such progressivism will be healthy in the long run as well as politically expedient in the short run but maybe this thought is too generous.
\n\u2022 While the reforms you valiantly continue to advocate are surely the right ones, it\u2019s difficult to be hopeful. To me, a huge advantage Brazil enjoyed and took considerable advantage of in the period I focused on in my last book (To Export Progress: The Golden Age of university assistance in Latin America, 2005)\u00a0lay in its late development. The taking advantage was building sane structures and practices, with differentiation including restrictiveness. Once that crumbles reform requires undoing expanded and entrenched structures and interests. We have positive examples globally of increasing institutional autonomy with some increase in evaluation too but rarely of differentiation after a system is made so homogeneous in policy.
\n\u2022 The sad tale makes one think more about not only the distinction between Brazil and Latin America in higher education but between the populist radical regimes and the populist moderate left regimes in Latin America. Of course there are differences in both arenas. Even you don\u2019t drive even me to be so beaten down as to forget that.<\/p>\n

Daniel C. Levy, Professor de Administra\u00e7\u00e3o Educacional e Pol\u00edticas P\u00fablicas da Universidade Estadual de New York, Albany, me envia o coment\u00e1rio abaixo:<\/em><\/p>\n

Seu triste texto<\/strong>
\n\u00c0s vezes, Simon, eu temo que voc\u00ea est\u00e1 no seu melhor quando o sistema est\u00e1 no seu pior. A cr\u00edtica, feita com modera\u00e7\u00e3o, \u00e9 contundente.
\n\u2022 N\u00e3o tenho muita certeza quanto \u00e0 periodiza\u00e7\u00e3o que est\u00e1 impl\u00edcita. Existe a distin\u00e7\u00e3o entre a educa\u00e7\u00e3o superior p\u00fablica no Brasil e na Am\u00e9rica Latina, mas as propostas de Renato de Souza mostram que, na realidade, a distin\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o era t\u00e3o grande quanto poder\u00edamos ter desejado (pelo bem do Brasil). Embora eu sempre considerasse que o contraste era v\u00e1lido e de fato fundamental, tamb\u00e9m percebia que a grande expans\u00e3o do sistema federal, em termos absolutos e em particular nos estados mais pobres e com menos alunos e professores bem preparados, reduzia muito o contraste. Me impressiona tamb\u00e9m a forte associa\u00e7\u00e3o entre o setor privado e o acesso a estudantes mais pobres. Isto \u00e9 em grande parte verdadeiro tanto na trajet\u00f3ria brasileira como na dos pa\u00edses asi\u00e1ticos, ao contr\u00e1rio da Am\u00e9rica espanhola, mas eu pensei que a expans\u00e3o do setor federal significasse que tamb\u00e9m houvesse consider\u00e1vel sobreposi\u00e7\u00e3o de status socioecon\u00f4mico nos dois sistemas.
\n\u2022 Provavelmente tamb\u00e9m subestimei o alcance dos fracassos de Paulo Renato ou da frouxid\u00e3o de Lula. O Prouni de Lula me parecia sensato. Embora eu estivesse ciente das quotas sociais, eu n\u00e3o tinha percebido que o sistema federal foi for\u00e7ado a quase duplicar o seu tamanho (em cima de recursos humanos d\u00e9beis e recursos financeiros prec\u00e1rios) ou a amplitude da deriva acad\u00eamica dos CEFETs (na realidade um termo fraco para descrever um processo pol\u00edtico desta natureza), com a paridade de benef\u00edcios com as universidades. Um sistema que mal mant\u00e9m os gastos por estudante, duplicando seu n\u00famero (o que significa receber estudantes menos privilegiados), est\u00e1 sujeito a graves problemas de desempenho e legitimidade acad\u00eamica e social. Suponho que os defensores deste progressismo acreditem que ele ser\u00e1 saud\u00e1vel a longo prazo, bem como politicamente conveniente a curto prazo, mas talvez seja uma suposi\u00e7\u00e3o generosa demais.
\n\u2022 Ainda que as reformas que voc\u00ea continua a defender bravamente s\u00e3o seguramente as mais acertadas, \u00e9 dif\u00edcil ter esperan\u00e7a. Para mim, uma enorme vantagem o Brasil desfrutou e aproveitou bastante no per\u00edodo tratado em meu \u00faltimo livro (To Export Progress: The Golden Age of university assistance in Latin America, 2005) foi seu desenvolvimento tardio. Isto permitiu a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de institui\u00e7\u00f5es saud\u00e1veis e pr\u00e1ticas, com diferencia\u00e7\u00e3o e restri\u00e7\u00f5es de acesso. Quando isto se desintegra, novas reformas requerem desfazer interesses entrincheirados em estruturas expandidas. Temos alguns exemplos positivos em n\u00edvel mundial de aumento de autonomia institucional com alguma melhora tamb\u00e9m nos processos de avalia\u00e7\u00e3o. mas s\u00e3o muito raros os casos de diferencia\u00e7\u00e3o depois que os sistemas se tornam t\u00e3o homog\u00eaneos pelas pol\u00edticas implantadas.
\n\u2022 Esta hist\u00f3ria triste me faz pensar na distin\u00e7\u00e3o entre o Brasil e a Am\u00e9rica Latina n\u00e3o s\u00f3 em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao ensino superior, mas entre os regimes populistas radicais e os regimes populistas moderados de esquerda. Claro que existem diferen\u00e7as em ambas as arenas, e nem voc\u00ea, com suas cr\u00edticas, consegue me deprimir ao ponto de esquecer isto.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Daniel C. Levy, distinguished professor of education administration and policy studies at the State University of New York at Albany sends me the posting below: Your sad blog Sometimes, Simon, I fear you\u2019re at your best when the system is at its worst. The critique, delivered soberly, is blistering. \u2022 I may be a little … Continue reading “Daniel C. Levy: Seu triste texto | Daniel C. Levy: Your sad blog”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-educacao-superior"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schwartzman.org.br\/sitesimon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3180","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schwartzman.org.br\/sitesimon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schwartzman.org.br\/sitesimon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schwartzman.org.br\/sitesimon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schwartzman.org.br\/sitesimon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3180"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.schwartzman.org.br\/sitesimon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3180\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3192,"href":"https:\/\/www.schwartzman.org.br\/sitesimon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3180\/revisions\/3192"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schwartzman.org.br\/sitesimon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3180"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schwartzman.org.br\/sitesimon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3180"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schwartzman.org.br\/sitesimon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3180"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}